Quantitative trait loci and genes associated with salmonid alphavirus load in Atlantic salmon:implications for pancreas disease resistance and tolerance

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Dietary micronutrient composition affects fillet texture and muscle cell size in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar)

During the past 20 years, plant ingredients have taken over as the main constituents in feed for Atlantic salmon. This has changed the nutrient composition of the feeds, the bioavailability of nutrients and perhaps nutrient metabolism. Plant‐based diets also contain more anti‐nutrients. The EU‐funded project ARRAINA re‐evaluated recommendations for micronutrient supplementation to Atlantic salmon feeds, and the present study compared a diet supplemented with micronutrients according to NRC (2011) (control diet, 100% NP (nutrient package)) with a diet supplemented according to the new recommendations (New NP). Tissue concentrations of pyridoxine, pantothenic acid, niacin, vitamin C, Zn and Se were significantly higher; and Cu was lower in Atlantic salmon fed the diet with the New NP compared to the control fish. The New NP also gave a near significant effect on growth, decreased muscle firmness and increased muscle cell size, and it affected metabolism of nitrogen‐containing metabolites in the muscle. While we cannot be certain which micronutrient(s) gave these effects, the B vitamins are probable candidates, since they are mediators of intermediary metabolism and have been shown to influence some of the affected metabolites

Hypnosis as a treatment of chronic widespread pain in general practice: A randomized controlled pilot trial

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Hypnosis treatment in general practice is a rather new concept. This pilot study was performed to evaluate the effect of a standardized hypnosis treatment used in general practice for patients with chronic widespread pain (CWP).</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>The study was designed as a randomized control group-controlled study. Sixteen patients were randomized into a treatment group or a control group, each constituting eight patients. Seven patients in the treatment group completed the schedule. After the control period, five of the patients in the control group also received treatment, making a total of 12 patients having completed the treatment sessions. The intervention group went through a standardized hypnosis treatment with ten consecutive therapeutic sessions once a week, each lasting for about 30 minutes, focusing on ego-strengthening, relaxation, releasing muscular tension and increasing self-efficacy. A questionnaire was developed in order to calibrate the symptoms before and after the 10 weeks period, and the results were interpolated into a scale from 0 to 100, increasing numbers representing increasing suffering. Data were analyzed by means of T-tests.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>The treatment group improved from their symptoms, (change from 62.5 to 55.4), while the control group deteriorated, (change from 37.2 to 45.1), (p = 0,045). The 12 patients who completed the treatment showed a mean improvement from 51.5 to 41.6. (p = 0,046). One year later the corresponding result was 41.3, indicating a persisting improvement.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>The study indicates that hypnosis treatment may have a positive effect on pain and quality of life for patients with chronic muscular pain. Considering the limited number of patients, more studies should be conducted to confirm the results.</p> <p>Trial Registration</p> <p>The study was registered in ClinicalTrials.gov and released 27.08.07 Reg nr NCT00521807 Approval Number: 05032001.</p

The Effects Of Benzodiazepine (Valium) On Permeability Of Language Ego Boundaries 1

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/98333/1/j.1467-1770.1980.tb00323.x.pd

Assessing the accuracy of an inter-institutional automated patient-specific health problem list

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Health problem lists are a key component of electronic health records and are instrumental in the development of decision-support systems that encourage best practices and optimal patient safety. Most health problem lists require initial clinical information to be entered manually and few integrate information across care providers and institutions. This study assesses the accuracy of a novel approach to create an inter-institutional automated health problem list in a computerized medical record (MOXXI) that integrates three sources of information for an individual patient: diagnostic codes from medical services claims from all treating physicians, therapeutic indications from electronic prescriptions, and single-indication drugs.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Data for this study were obtained from 121 general practitioners and all medical services provided for 22,248 of their patients. At the opening of a patient's file, all health problems detected through medical service utilization or single-indication drug use were flagged to the physician in the MOXXI system. Each new arising health problem were presented as 'potential' and physicians were prompted to specify if the health problem was valid (Y) or not (N) or if they preferred to reassess its validity at a later time.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>A total of 263,527 health problems, representing 891 unique problems, were identified for the group of 22,248 patients. Medical services claims contributed to the majority of problems identified (77%), followed by therapeutic indications from electronic prescriptions (14%), and single-indication drugs (9%). Physicians actively chose to assess 41.7% (n = 106,950) of health problems. Overall, 73% of the problems assessed were considered valid; 42% originated from medical service diagnostic codes, 11% from single indication drugs, and 47% from prescription indications. Twelve percent of problems identified through other treating physicians were considered valid compared to 28% identified through study physician claims.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Automation of an inter-institutional problem list added over half of all validated problems to the health problem list of which 12% were generated by conditions treated by other physicians. Automating the integration of existing information sources provides timely access to accurate and relevant health problem information. It may also accelerate the uptake and use of electronic medical record systems.</p

The impact of electronic records on patient safety : a qualitative study

BACKGROUND: Our aim was to explore NHS staff perceptions and experiences of the impact on patient safety of introducing a maternity system. METHODS: Qualitative semi-structured interviews were conducted with 19 members of NHS staff who represented a variety of staff groups (doctors, midwives, health care assistants), staff grades (consultant and midwife grades) and wards within a maternity unit. Participants represented a single maternity unit at a NHS teaching hospital in the North of England. Interviews were conducted during the first 12 months of the system being implemented and were analysed thematically. RESULTS: Participants perceived there to be an elevated risk to patient safety during the system's implementation. The perceived risks were attributed to a range of social and technical factors. For example, poor system design and human error which resulted in an increased potential for missing information and inputting error. CONCLUSIONS: The first 12 months of introducing the maternity system was perceived to and in some cases had already caused actual risk to patient safety. Trusts throughout the NHS are facing increasing pressure to become paperless and should be aware of the potential adverse impacts on patient safety that can occur when introducing electronic systems. Given the potential for increased risk identified, recommendations for further research and for NHS trusts introducing electronic systems are proposed

Evaluating eHealth: Undertaking Robust International Cross-Cultural eHealth Research

David Bates and Adam Wright discuss the opportunities and challenges of undertaking international collaborations in eHealth evaluation research, and make recommendations for moving forward

Validation of optimal levels of micronutrients in feed for Atlantic salmon

12.11.20 Feil filnavn. ellers klar for publisering. klb Source at http://hdl.handle.net/11250/2565091ASSESSFEED er et prosjekt utgått fra EU-prosjektet ARRAINA, med målsetning å validere nye anbefalinger for tilsetning av mikronæringsstoffer, særlig vannløselige vitaminer, i laksefôr. Det ble kjørt et fôingsforsøk der kontrollfôret (100 % NP) ble tilsatt mikronæringsstoffer iht. anbefalinger gitt i NRC (2011), som i stor grad bygger på forsøk med yngel av regnbueørret fra 1980-90-tallet. Forsøksfôret (Ny NP) bygget på resultatene fra ARRAINA. Det var også et kommersielt kontrollfôr (Biomar). Det var ingen signifikant effekt på vekst, men en tendens til større biomassevekst i fisk gitt Ny NP. Opptak av vitaminer og mineraler i fisken fulgte stort sett samme mønster i ASSESSFEED som i ARRAINA, noe som styrker konklusjonene når det gjelder behov fra ARRAINA. Muskelen i fisken som fikk ny NP var bløtere og hadde større celler enn i fisken som fikk 100 % NP. Denne effekten på filetkvalitet ble tolket som økt muskelcelle hypertrofi og falt sammen med endringer i muskelens innhold av noen frie aminosyrer og nitrogen-metabolitter. Noen av disse endringene er kjent som tegn på B-vitaminmangel hos mammalier.ASSESSFEED is a project with basis in the EU-funded project ARRAINA, where the aim was to validate new recommendations for supplementation of diets for Atlantic salmon with micronutrients, especially water-soluble vitamins. A feeding trial was conducted, where the control feed (100% NP) contained micronutrients according to NRC (2011) which is largely based on trials with rainbow trout from the 1980-90ies. The experimental diet (Ny NP) was based on the results from ARRAINA. A commercial control diet was also included (Biomar). There was no significant effect on growth, but a tendency of increased biomass growth with the new NP. Uptake of vitamins and minerals in the fish largely followed the results from ARRAINA, strengthening the ARRAINA requirement estimations. The muscle in fish given Ny NP was softer and had larger cells than the muscle of fish given 100% NP. The effect on fillet quality was interpreted as increased muscle cell hyprtrophy and coincided with changes in concentrations of some free amino acids and nitrogen metabolites. Some of these changes are known as indicators of vitamin B-deficiency in mammals

Validation of optimal levels of micronutrients in feed for Atlantic salmon

ASSESSFEED er et prosjekt utgått fra EU-prosjektet ARRAINA, med målsetning å validere nye anbefalinger for tilsetning av mikronæringsstoffer, særlig vannløselige vitaminer, i laksefôr. Det ble kjørt et fôingsforsøk der kontrollfôret (100 % NP) ble tilsatt mikronæringsstoffer iht. anbefalinger gitt i NRC (2011), som i stor grad bygger på forsøk med yngel av regnbueørret fra 1980-90-tallet. Forsøksfôret (Ny NP) bygget på resultatene fra ARRAINA. Det var også et kommersielt kontrollfôr (Biomar). Det var ingen signifikant effekt på vekst, men en tendens til større biomassevekst i fisk gitt Ny NP. Opptak av vitaminer og mineraler i fisken fulgte stort sett samme mønster i ASSESSFEED som i ARRAINA, noe som styrker konklusjonene når det gjelder behov fra ARRAINA. Muskelen i fisken som fikk ny NP var bløtere og hadde større celler enn i fisken som fikk 100 % NP. Denne effekten på filetkvalitet ble tolket som økt muskelcelle hypertrofi og falt sammen med endringer i muskelens innhold av noen frie aminosyrer og nitrogen-metabolitter. Noen av disse endringene er kjent som tegn på B-vitaminmangel hos mammalier.publishedVersio

Evolving health information technology and the timely availability of visit diagnoses from ambulatory visits: A natural experiment in an integrated delivery system

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Health information technology (HIT) may improve health care quality and outcomes, in part by making information available in a timelier manner. However, there are few studies documenting the changes in timely availability of data with the use of a sophisticated electronic medical record (EMR), nor a description of how the timely availability of data might differ with different types of EMRs. We hypothesized that timely availability of data would improve with use of increasingly sophisticated forms of HIT.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>We used an historical observation design (2004–2006) using electronic data from office visits in an integrated delivery system with three types of HIT: Basic, Intermediate, and Advanced. We calculated the monthly percentage of visits using the various types of HIT for entry of visit diagnoses into the delivery system's electronic database, and the time between the visit and the availability of the visit diagnoses in the database.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>In January 2004, when only Basic HIT was available, 10% of office visits had diagnoses entered on the same day as the visit and 90% within a week; 85% of office visits used paper forms for recording visit diagnoses, 16% used Basic at that time. By December 2006, 95% of all office visits had diagnoses available on the same day as the visit, when 98% of office visits used some form of HIT for entry of visit diagnoses (Advanced HIT for 67% of visits).</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Use of HIT systems is associated with dramatic increases in the timely availability of diagnostic information, though the effects may vary by sophistication of HIT system. Timely clinical data are critical for real-time population surveillance, and valuable for routine clinical care.</p